神戸大学法学部 国際法概論 ２００１年度 ２００１年６月２２日
助教授 濵本 正太郎
試験問題例 １３
次回講義（６月２６日）までに答案を添付ファイルで送信してくれれば、採点してお返しします。
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まず、判例集p. 248-の「ナミビア事件」を熟読せよ。
p. 251に、「非加盟国は安保理の決定にしたがって行動することが必要となる」という記述がある。国連非加盟国（＝国連憲章という条約に対しては第三国）がなぜ国連機関の決定に従わなければならない（＝条約に拘束される）のか。それとも、国際司法裁判所の意見は国際法上正当化し得ないのか。
参考までに、該当箇所の勧告的意見原文を掲げておく。
I.C.J. Reports 1971, p. 56.
As to non-member States, although not bound
by Articles 24 and 25 of the Charter, they have been called upon in paragraphs
2 and 5 of resolution 276 (1970) to give assistance in the action which has
been taken by the United Nations with regard to Namibia. In the view of the Court, the
termination of the Mandate and the declaration of the illegality of South
Africa’s presence in Namibia are opposable to all States in the sense of
barring erga omnes the legality of a situation which is maintained in violation
of international law: in particular, no State which enters into relations with
South Africa concerning Namibia may expect the United Nations or its Members to
recognize the validity or effects of such relationship, or of the consequences
thereof. The Mandate having been
terminated by decision of the international organization in which the
supervisory authority over its administration was vested, and South Africa’s
continued presence in Namibia having been declared illegal, it is for
non-member States to act in accordance with those decisions.